Native American History

African	Discriminatory when incorrectly applied and homogenising when used in lieu of a person’s (ethnic/national/religious/linguistic) preferred identity. Respect the self-identification of second- and third- (and so forth) generation African diasporic communities. Terms such as “Black”, “African American”, “African-Barbadian”, “African-Brazilian” may be preferred.	Confirm	1800-, USA, Caribbean, Latin America	Dr. Gabrielle Foreman (Pennstate University) Dr Stephen Mullen (University of Glasgow) PCUSA Terminology Crosswalk
African American	Popularised by Jesse Jackson in the 1980s, although its usage dates back to 1782. Generally speaking, it is the preferred term for the Black diaspora living in the USA today. It tends to refer to those Black Americans whose families were brought to the United States via the The term “Black Americans” is inclusive of later immigrants from Africa to the USA. In the context of the Atlantic Slave Trade, the term “African American” can be reductive when used to simplify the identity of, for example, an enslaved Black person who was born in West Africa and subsequently captured and moved to North and/or South America. When applicable, be specific about a person’s multiple identities (these may be transnational, multiracial, migratory, multilingual, etc.)	Review	1782-,SA	Dr Gabrielle Foreman et al. Writing about “Slavery”? This might help Fred Shapiro, The Origin of “African American”
African-American	Popularised by Jesse Jackson in the 1980s, although its usage dates back to 1782. Generally speaking, it is the preferred term for the Black diaspora living in the USA today. It tends to refer to those Black Americans whose families were brought to the United States via the Atlantic Slave Trade. The term “Black Americans” is inclusive of later immigrants from Africa to the USA. In the context of the Atlantic Slave Trade, the term “African American” can be reductive when used to simplify the identity of, for example, an enslaved Black person who was born in West Africa and subsequently captured and moved to North and/or South America. When applicable, be specific about a person’s multiple identities (these may be transnational, multiracial, migratory, multilingual, etc.)	Review
Black American	Popularised by Jesse Jackson in the 1980s, although its usage dates back to 1782. Generally speaking, it is the preferred term for the Black diaspora living in the USA today. It tends to refer to those Black Americans whose families were brought to the United States via the Atlantic Slave Trade. The term “Black Americans” is inclusive of later immigrants from Africa to the USA. In the context of the Atlantic Slave Trade, the term “African American” can be reductive when used to simplify the identity of, for example, an enslaved Black person who was born in West Africa and subsequently captured and moved to North and/or South America. When applicable, be specific about a person’s multiple identities (these may be transnational, multiracial, migratory, multilingual, etc.)	Review
Afro-	Afro- (prefix), with specific terms including Afro-Caribbean/s, Afro-Barbadian/s, Afro-Indian/s, Afro-American/s, Afro-Cuban/s, Afro-Bolivian/s, Afro-Colombian/s, Afro-Latin American/s Prefix coined by Americans in the late 1960s. It has now fallen out of favour on the grounds that the term “Afro” is associated with a hairstyle rather than a continent. Generally, the prefix “African-” is now preferred, although there are exceptions i.e. many people self-identify as “Afro-Caribbean”.		1965-, USA, Caribbean, Latin America	The Guardian UK, Style guide Chris Elliott, We wouldn’t write ‘Afro-Caribbean’ today Police Service of Northern Ireland, The Appropriate Language Guide Show Racism the Red Card – Terminology
Afro-American	See above. Afro-American is outdated, African American or Black American is now preferred.	Replace	Afro-Americans	Afro-Americans
Afro American	See above. Afro-American is outdated, African American or Black American is now preferred.	Replace	Afro Americans	Afro Americans
Afro engineering	A derogatory colloquial phrase that has been used to imply that African American workmanship is “second-rate” or “shoddy”. It is used to describe the act of fixing or manufacturing something using improper tools and methods. Reminder it is is advised not read the N-word aloud if you do not self-identify as Black, even in quotation
Afro-engineering	A derogatory colloquial phrase that has been used to imply that African American workmanship is “second-rate” or “shoddy”. It is used to describe the act of fixing or manufacturing something using improper tools and methods. Reminder it is is advised not read the N-word aloud if you do not self-identify as Black, even in quotation
African engineering	A derogatory colloquial phrase that has been used to imply that African American workmanship is “second-rate” or “shoddy”. It is used to describe the act of fixing or manufacturing something using improper tools and methods. Reminder it is is advised not read the N-word aloud if you do not self-identify as Black, even in quotation
nigger engineering	A derogatory colloquial phrase that has been used to imply that African American workmanship is “second-rate” or “shoddy”. It is used to describe the act of fixing or manufacturing something using improper tools and methods. Reminder it is is advised not read the N-word aloud if you do not self-identify as Black, even in quotation
ghetto rigging	A derogatory colloquial phrase that has been used to imply that African American workmanship is “second-rate” or “shoddy”. It is used to describe the act of fixing or manufacturing something using improper tools and methods. Reminder it is is advised not read the N-word aloud if you do not self-identify as Black, even in quotation
nig rigging	A derogatory colloquial phrase that has been used to imply that African American workmanship is “second-rate” or “shoddy”. It is used to describe the act of fixing or manufacturing something using improper tools and methods. Reminder it is is advised not read the N-word aloud if you do not self-identify as Black, even in quotation